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Carme Artigas: Carme Artigas: Spain opposes stopping the development of artificial intelligence | technology


The opening in Seville of the European Center for Algorithmic Transparency (ECAT, for its acronym in English), the Commission’s tool for opening the black boxes where the algorithmic systems of large internet platforms are hidden, showed that knowing how they work and controlling their effects on our daily lives is a matter of state. In this context, Spain is leading the call sandbox Regulation, a test environment, includes the study of algorithms, which aims to test the effectiveness of future European regulation on artificial intelligence, the legal framework that will be applied to this type of computer system. An initiative developed by the Secretary of State for Digitization and Artificial Intelligence, and integrated into European policies that seek to legislate digital services across the board, such as the recently adopted Digital Services Directive (DSA). “We are setting a model for the rest of the world, and it has been proven that the European way is not the third way, but the only possible way to achieve a more ethical, humane and fair AI,” says its owner, Carme Artigas, in an interview with EL PAÍS, barely three weeks after he had to deal With a mutiny on his AI advisory board.

Ask. How will they merge? sandbox Regulation and the Spanish Agency for the Supervision of Artificial Intelligence with the new center?

Answer. The European hub represents a major boost for Spain in its role in leading the development of artificial intelligence [inteligencia artificial] This is more fair and ethical and integrates the principles and values ​​that need to be defended in the digital world. Therefore, the fact that the best researchers are here and that the Spanish administrations are closer to their work as well as the private sector, adds to the initiatives we already have. he sandbox It’s already in the works and it’s part of the collaboration we’ve already had with JRC [siglas del Centro Común de Investigación, que alberga el ECAT] And we see a lot of similarities between the AI ​​playbook and DSA and so we see a lot of synergies there.

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s. When will Spanish companies be able to participate in this testing environment? organizational?

R was found. We hope that the Royal Decree will be ready within a month to invite Spanish companies to participate, and we have set the month of November to present the first results in conjunction with the AIA meeting. [Alianza para la Inteligencia Artificial].

s. He talked about the importance of developing more ethical AI, but this commitment has recently been called into question by several AI advisory board members and NGOs after the government agreed with the ADIA Lab Research Center in the UAE, a country. Where human rights are not respected and science is controlled by the government. Has the government properly calibrated the ramifications this agreement could have, considering the impact of artificial intelligence on public liberties?

R was found. I do not understand the controversy. This is great news, as they are high-ranking research centers who choose to reside in Spain, rather than in France or Germany. There is no moral conflict. This is funding, not of a government, not of a center, but of Spanish scientists. We support Spanish public universities so that we can finance joint lines of work at the international level with any prestigious center in the United Arab Emirates, but also recently the Monterrey Institute of Technology (Mexico) has decided to locate its European center in Oviedo. Diplomatic relations are one thing, activism is one thing, and science is another.

Carme Artigas, during the interview, this Tuesday in Seville.
Carme Artigas, during the interview, this Tuesday in Seville.Baku bridge

s. He also suspects that one of the lines of research for this center is related to climate change and sustainability when the source of funds from the UAE is oil.

R was found. The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority’s sovereign wealth fund is financing COP28 with the United Nations. If the United Nations reaches an agreement with a country, I will not question it. We do not question countries, we know that since countries have a lower level of democracy than we do, our country can establish diplomatic and trade relations with countries as it sees fit. We support Spanish scientists and there is nothing better than helping democratic development than sharing knowledge as a country.

s. Is the scientific and ethical guarantee of the research carried out in the center that will be opened in Granada guaranteed?

R was found. is that things that are indisputable have been called into question, such as the academic freedom of Spanish scholars. Or does anyone suspect that the Spanish scientist, if he felt minimally oriented in his research, would not raise his hand and say that you no longer wanted to cooperate with them? Scientists are the ones who have the freedom to make the decision.

s. Advisory board members and NGOs also question that they are not adequately taken into account in decision-making.

R was found. They are different things. With the Shura Council we have three formal meetings a year with the vice president [Nadia Calviño] And every month we have business meetings and calls from my management team. The relationship continues, what happens is that it is an advisory body with many points of view and there is no consensus whatsoever. With NGOs, I was the one who asked for a meeting at the highest level and they asked me about the role of civil society in this sandbox organization and told them we would set up a team to supervise sandboxBut in order for this work of art to begin, it is necessary to first approve the Royal Decree Act, which has not yet been approved.

s. Recently, scientists, analysts, and tech tycoons have called for a halt to the development of generative AI, such as ChatGPT. what do you think?

R was found. We don’t agree at all that research and innovation stop. Instead, what you need to do is hurry up to solve the problems created by companies. Innovation must be accelerated with limits. Trying to put a product on the market that isn’t finished, without the same controls that a car or medicine might have, and telling people to try it and see where the flaws are to see how I can improve it, which is what ChatGPT made, what’s not right. ChatGPT has gone from the research part to the commercial part very quickly. But it has worked to raise awareness that the path that Europe has taken, in standing up for digital rights, is the right one.

s. Are current regulation in Europe and future European regulation of AI sufficient mechanisms to control the development of generative AI?

R was found. The full stack: European data protection regulation, DSA to control illegal content, and AI regulations can decide that generative AI can fall under the category of risk algorithms and all oversight of algorithms will apply to it as long as it doesn’t bias, doesn’t discriminate, and doesn’t provide false information. ..

s. The regulation is expected to be ready in 2025, but we have seen how ChatGPT has developed very quickly in four months. Is there no danger that in the end legislative responses will always lag behind technology?

R was found. No no. What you need to do is close the legislative file. In the case of Amnesty International, it is expected to be approved in January 2024 hence the importance of the European Presidency to close the legislative file. Spain will have to close the legislative dossier of the European AI tool. That is why it was created sandbox, because what we do not want is that when it enters into force, it takes two years to implement it, or that a delay is required because companies are not ready to implement it. That is why what we do is so important, because we expect the technical and operational implementation of specific objects of the law.

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